BUSINESS

Drug pricing in Kazakhstan. INN as a regulatory tool and a driver of budget concentration

Subsidizing champions: how not to build industrial policy around one player and create moral hazard

Local content as a tax on competitiveness: why learning from DCRs and high tariffs can be dangerous for Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan’s structural transformation: the trap between raw materials and services

Capital decides: why middle-income countries win industries without technological breakthroughs

Why Kazakhstan is losing industries not because of technology, but because of factor structure

Why it’s difficult for Kazakhstan to develop its own pharmaceutical industry

Utilizing Kazakhstan’s industrial production capacity

Small towns, big potential: how rural America can reclaim its economic future

All talk, no impact? Industrial policy and firm productivity